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Angular13+開(kāi)發(fā)模式太慢如何解決

今天小編給大家分享一下Angular13+開(kāi)發(fā)模式太慢如何解決的相關(guān)知識(shí)點(diǎn),內(nèi)容詳細(xì),邏輯清晰,相信大部分人都還太了解這方面的知識(shí),所以分享這篇文章給大家參考一下,希望大家閱讀完這篇文章后有所收獲,下面我們一起來(lái)了解一下吧。

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1 Angular 13+ 開(kāi)發(fā)模式太慢的原因與解決

近期在某個(gè)高頻迭代七年的 Angular 項(xiàng)目升級(jí)至 Angular 13 后,其開(kāi)發(fā)模式的構(gòu)建速度慢、資源占用高,開(kāi)發(fā)體驗(yàn)相當(dāng)差。在一臺(tái)僅在開(kāi)會(huì)時(shí)偶爾使用的 Macbook air(近期居家辦公期間轉(zhuǎn)換為了主要生產(chǎn)力工具) 中啟動(dòng)構(gòu)建時(shí),它的風(fēng)扇會(huì)呼呼作響,CPU 負(fù)荷被打滿,而在構(gòu)建完成后,熱更新一次的時(shí)間在一分鐘以上。

在經(jīng)過(guò)各種原因分析與排查后,最終在 angular.json 的 schema(./node_modules/@angular/cli/lib/config/schema.json) 中發(fā)現(xiàn)了問(wèn)題,再結(jié)合 Angular 12 release 文檔定位到了具體原因: Angular 12 一個(gè)主要的改動(dòng)是將 aotbuildOptimizeroptimization 等參數(shù)由默認(rèn)值 false 改為了 true

A number of browser and server builder options have had their default values changed. The aim of these changes is to reduce the configuration complexity and support the new "production builds by default" initiative.

可以看到 Angular 12 后的默認(rèn)生產(chǎn)模式,對(duì)于跨版本升級(jí)來(lái)說(shuō)是比較坑爹的。

1.1 解決 Angular 12+ 開(kāi)發(fā)模式慢的問(wèn)題

解決辦法則是在 development 配置中禁用生產(chǎn)模式相關(guān)的配置項(xiàng)。示例:

{
  "$schema": "./node_modules/@angular/cli/lib/config/schema.json",
  "projects": {
    "front": {
      "architect": {
        "build": {
          "configurations": {
            "development": {
              "tsConfig": "./tsconfig.dev.json",
              "aot": false,
              "buildOptimizer": false,
              "optimization": false,
              "extractLicenses": false,
              "sourceMap": true,
              "vendorChunk": true,
              "namedChunks": true
            }
          }
        },
    }
  },
  "defaultProject": "front"
}

需注意 aot 開(kāi)啟與關(guān)閉時(shí),在構(gòu)建結(jié)果表現(xiàn)上可能會(huì)有一些差異,需視具體問(wèn)題而分析。

1.2 問(wèn)題:開(kāi)啟 aotpug 編譯報(bào)錯(cuò)

該項(xiàng)目中使用 pug 開(kāi)發(fā) html 內(nèi)容。關(guān)閉 aot 時(shí)構(gòu)建正常,開(kāi)啟后則會(huì)報(bào)錯(cuò)。

根據(jù)報(bào)錯(cuò)內(nèi)容及位置進(jìn)行 debugger 調(diào)試,可以看到其編譯結(jié)果為一個(gè) esModule 的對(duì)象。這是由于使用了 raw-loader,其編譯結(jié)果默認(rèn)為 esModule 模式,禁用 esModule 配置項(xiàng)即可。示例(自定義 webpack 配置可參考下文的 dll 配置相關(guān)示例):

{
  test: /\.pug$/,
  use: [
    {
      loader: 'raw-loader',
      options: {
        esModule: false,
      },
    },
    {
      loader: 'pug-html-loader',
      options: {
        doctype: 'html',
      },
    },
  ],
},

2 進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化:Angular 自定義 webpack 配置 dll 支持

該項(xiàng)目項(xiàng)目構(gòu)建上有自定義 webpack 配置的需求,使用了 @angular-builders/custom-webpack 庫(kù)實(shí)現(xiàn),但是沒(méi)有配置 dll。

Angular 提供了 vendorChunk 參數(shù),開(kāi)啟它會(huì)提取在 package.json 中的依賴等公共資源至獨(dú)立 chunk 中,其可以很好的解決熱更新 bundles 過(guò)大導(dǎo)致熱更新太慢等的問(wèn)題,但仍然存在較高的內(nèi)存占用,而且實(shí)際的對(duì)比測(cè)試中,在存在 webpack5 緩存的情況下,其相比 dll 模式的構(gòu)建編譯速度以及熱更新速度都稍微慢一些。故對(duì)于開(kāi)發(fā)機(jī)器性能一般的情況下,給開(kāi)發(fā)模式配置 dll 是會(huì)帶來(lái)一定的收益的。

2.1 Angular 支持自定義 webpack 配置

首先需要配置自定義 webpack 配置的構(gòu)建支持。執(zhí)行如下命令添加依賴:

npm i -D @angular-builders/custom-webpack

修改 angluar.json 配置。內(nèi)容格式參考:

{
  "$schema": "./node_modules/@angular/cli/lib/config/schema.json",
  "cli": {
    "analytics": false,
    "cache": {
      "path": "node_modules/.cache/ng"
    }
  },
  "version": 1,
  "newProjectRoot": "projects",
  "projects": {
    "front": {
      "root": "",
      "sourceRoot": "src",
      "projectType": "application",
      "prefix": "app",
      "schematics": {
        "@schematics/angular:component": {
          "style": "less"
        }
      },
      "architect": {
        "build": {
          "builder": "@angular-builders/custom-webpack:browser",
          "options": {
            "customWebpackConfig": {
              "path": "./webpack.config.js"
            },
            "indexTransform": "scripts/index-html-transform.js",
            "outputHashing": "media",
            "deleteOutputPath": true,
            "watch": true,
            "sourceMap": false,
            "outputPath": "dist/dev",
            "index": "src/index.html",
            "main": "src/app-main.ts",
            "polyfills": "src/polyfills.ts",
            "tsConfig": "./tsconfig.app.json",
            "baseHref": "./",
            "assets": [
              "src/assets/",
              {
                "glob": "**/*",
                "input": "./node_modules/@ant-design/icons-angular/src/inline-svg/",
                "output": "/assets/"
              }
            ],
            "styles": [
              "node_modules/angular-tree-component/dist/angular-tree-component.css",
              "src/css/index.less"
            ],
            "scripts": []
          },
          "configurations": {
            "development": {
              "tsConfig": "./tsconfig.dev.json",
              "buildOptimizer": false,
              "optimization": false,
              "aot": false,
              "extractLicenses": false,
              "sourceMap": true,
              "vendorChunk": true,
              "namedChunks": true,
              "scripts": [
                {
                  "inject": true,
                  "input": "./dist/dll/dll.js",
                  "bundleName": "dll_library"
                }
              ]
            },
            "production": {
              "outputPath": "dist/prod",
              "baseHref": "./",
              "watch": false,
              "fileReplacements": [
                {
                  "replace": "src/environments/environment.ts",
                  "with": "src/environments/environment.prod.ts"
                }
              ],
              "optimization": {
                "scripts": true,
                "styles": {
                  "minify": true,
                  "inlineCritical": false
                },
                "fonts": true
              },
              "outputHashing": "all",
              "sourceMap": false,
              "namedChunks": false,
              "aot": true,
              "extractLicenses": false,
              "vendorChunk": false,
              "buildOptimizer": true
            }
          },
          "defaultConfiguration": "production"
        },
        "serve": {
          "builder": "@angular-builders/custom-webpack:dev-server",
          "options": {
            "browserTarget": "front:build",
            "liveReload": false,
            "open": false,
            "host": "0.0.0.0",
            "port": 3002,
            "servePath": "/",
            "publicHost": "localhost.gf.com.cn",
            "proxyConfig": "config/ngcli-proxy-config.js",
            "disableHostCheck": true
          },
          "configurations": {
            "production": {
              "browserTarget": "front:build:production"
            },
            "development": {
              "browserTarget": "front:build:development"
            }
          },
          "defaultConfiguration": "development"
        },
        "test": {
          "builder": "@angular-builders/custom-webpack:karma",
          "options": {
            "customWebpackConfig": {
              "path": "./webpack.test.config.js"
            },
            "indexTransform": "scripts/index-html-transform.js",
            "main": "src/ngtest.ts",
            "polyfills": "src/polyfills.ts",
            "tsConfig": "./tsconfig.spec.json",
            "karmaConfig": "./karma.conf.js",
            "assets": [
              "src/assets/",
              {
                "glob": "**/*",
                "input": "./node_modules/@ant-design/icons-angular/src/inline-svg/",
                "output": "/assets/"
              }
            ],
            "styles": [
              "node_modules/angular-tree-component/dist/angular-tree-component.css",
              "src/css/index.less"
            ],
            "scripts": []
          }
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "defaultProject": "front",
  "schematics": {
    "@schematics/angular:module": {
      "routing": true,
      "spec": false
    },
    "@schematics/angular:component": {
      "flat": false,
      "inlineStyle": true,
      "inlineTemplate": false
    }
  }
}

該示例中涉及多處自定義配置內(nèi)容,主要需注意 webpack 相關(guān)的部分, 其他內(nèi)容可視自身項(xiàng)目具體情況對(duì)比參考。

2.2 為 Angular 配置 webpack dll 支持

新建 webpack.config.js 文件。內(nèi)容參考:

const { existsSync } = require('node:fs');
const { resolve } = require('node:path');
const webpack = require('webpack');

// require('events').EventEmitter.defaultMaxListeners = 0;

/**
 * @param {import('webpack').Configuration} config
 * @param {import('@angular-builders/custom-webpack').CustomWebpackBrowserSchema} options
 * @param {import('@angular-builders/custom-webpack').TargetOptions} targetOptions
 */
module.exports = (config, options, targetOptions) => {
  if (!config.devServer) config.devServer = {};

  config.plugins.push(
    new webpack.DefinePlugin({ LZWME_DEV: config.mode === 'development' }),
  );

  const dllDir = resolve(__dirname, './dist/dll');
  if (
    existsSync(dllDir) &&
    config.mode === 'development' &&
    options.scripts?.some((d) => d.bundleName === 'dll_library')
  ) {
    console.log('use dll:', dllDir);
    config.plugins.unshift(
      new webpack.DllReferencePlugin({
        manifest: require(resolve(dllDir, 'dll-manifest.json')),
        context: __dirname,
      })
    );
  }

  config.module.rules = config.module.rules.filter((d) => {
    if (d.test instanceof RegExp) {
      // 使用 less,移除 sass/stylus loader
      return !(d.test.test('x.sass') || d.test.test('x.scss') || d.test.test('x.styl'));
    }
    return true;
  });

  config.module.rules.unshift(
    {
      test: /\.pug$/,
      use: [
        {
          loader: 'raw-loader',
          options: {
            esModule: false,
          },
        },
        {
          loader: 'pug-html-loader',
          options: {
            doctype: 'html',
          },
        },
      ],
    },
    {
      test: /\.html$/,
      loader: 'raw-loader',
      exclude: [helpers.root('src/index.html')],
    },
    {
      test: /\.svg$/,
      loader: 'raw-loader',
    },
    {
      test: /\.(t|les)s/,
      loader: require.resolve('@lzwme/strip-loader'),
      exclude: /node_modules/,
      options: {
        disabled: config.mode !== 'production',
      },
    }
  );

  // AngularWebpackPlugin,用于自定義 index.html 處理插件
  const awPlugin = config.plugins.find((p) => p.options?.hasOwnProperty('directTemplateLoading'));
  if (awPlugin) awPlugin.pluginOptions.directTemplateLoading = false;

  // 兼容上古遺傳邏輯,禁用部分插件
  config.plugins = config.plugins.filter((plugin) => {
    const pluginName = plugin.constructor.name;
    if (/CircularDependency|CommonJsUsageWarnPlugin/.test(pluginName)) {
      console.log('[webpack][plugin] disabled: ', pluginName);
      return false;
    }

    return true;
  });
  // console.log('[webpack][config]', config.mode, config, options, targetOptions);
  return config;
};

新建 webpack.dll.mjs 文件,用于 dll 構(gòu)建。內(nèi)容示例:

import { join } from 'node:path';
import webpack from 'webpack';

const rootDir = process.cwd();
const isDev = process.argv.slice(2).includes('--dev') || process.env.NODE_ENV === 'development';

/** @type {import('webpack').Configuration} */
const config = {
  context: rootDir,
  mode: isDev ? 'development' : 'production',
  entry: {
    dll: [
      '@angular/common',
      '@angular/core',
      '@angular/forms',
      '@angular/platform-browser',
      '@angular/platform-browser-dynamic',
      '@angular/router',
      '@lzwme/asmd-calc',
      // more...
    ],
  },
  output: {
    path: join(rootDir, 'dist/dll'),
    filename: 'dll.js',
    library: '[name]_library',
  },
  plugins: [
    new webpack.DllPlugin({
      path: join(rootDir, 'dist/dll/[name]-manifest.json'),
      name: '[name]_library',
    }),
    new webpack.IgnorePlugin({
      resourceRegExp: /^\.\/locale$/,
      contextRegExp: /moment$/,
    }),
  ],
  cache: { type: 'filesystem' },
};

webpack(config).run((err, result) => {
  console.log(err ? `Failed!` : `Success!`, err || `${result.endTime - result.startTime}ms`);
});

angular.json 中添加 dll.js 文件的注入配置,可參考前文示例中 development.scripts 中的配置內(nèi)容格式。

package.json 中增加啟動(dòng)腳本配置。示例:

{
    "scripts": {
        "ng:serve": "node --max_old_space_size=8192 node_modules/@angular/cli/bin/ng serve",
        "dll": "node config/webpack.dll.mjs",
        "dev": "npm run dll -- --dev && npm run ng:serve -- -c development",
    }
}

最后,可執(zhí)行 npm run dev 測(cè)試效果是否符合預(yù)期。

以上就是“Angular13+開(kāi)發(fā)模式太慢如何解決”這篇文章的所有內(nèi)容,感謝各位的閱讀!相信大家閱讀完這篇文章都有很大的收獲,小編每天都會(huì)為大家更新不同的知識(shí),如果還想學(xué)習(xí)更多的知識(shí),請(qǐng)關(guān)注創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)行業(yè)資訊頻道。

文章標(biāo)題:Angular13+開(kāi)發(fā)模式太慢如何解決
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