本篇內(nèi)容主要講解“react后端請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù)如何實(shí)現(xiàn)”,感興趣的朋友不妨來看看。本文介紹的方法操作簡單快捷,實(shí)用性強(qiáng)。下面就讓小編來帶大家學(xué)習(xí)“react后端請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù)如何實(shí)現(xiàn)”吧!
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react后端請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù)的實(shí)現(xiàn)方法:1、在package.json中配置“ "proxy":"http://localhost:5000"”;2、在src目錄下創(chuàng)建“setupProxy.js”文件;3、調(diào)用“setupProxy.js”中配置的功能,代碼如“createProxyMiddleware('/api2',{target:...}”。
react-ajax請(qǐng)求后臺(tái)數(shù)據(jù)方法
"proxy":"http://localhost:5000"
這樣localhost:5000就是我們要代理到的服務(wù)器
getStudentData = () => {
axios.get('/students').then(
(result) => { console.log(result.data); },
(reason) => { console.log(reason); })
}
獲取localhost:5000中/students的數(shù)據(jù)
優(yōu)點(diǎn):**配置簡單,前端請(qǐng)求資源不需要任何前綴
缺點(diǎn):**不能配置多個(gè)代理服務(wù)器
第一步:webpack配置了調(diào)用setupProxy.js中配置的功能
setupProxy.js
第二步:配置
//const proxy=require("http-proxy-middleware") :視頻中請(qǐng)求的包,引用它出現(xiàn)了無法訪問的問題//應(yīng)該使用以下寫法*******const { createProxyMiddleware } = require("http-proxy-middleware");module.exports=function(app){
app.use(
createProxyMiddleware('/api1',{//遇見/api1前綴的請(qǐng)求,就會(huì)觸發(fā)該代理配置
target:"http://localhost:5000",//請(qǐng)求轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)給誰
changeOrigin:true,//控制服務(wù)器收到的請(qǐng)求頭中Host字段的值:host就是主機(jī)名+端口號(hào)
//true:后端接收到的host:localhost:5000
//false:后端接收到的host:localhost:3000
//系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)為false,一般會(huì)設(shè)為true
pathRewrite:{"^/api1":""}//重寫請(qǐng)求路徑(必須要寫)
//不寫:后臺(tái)接收到的請(qǐng)求路徑:/api1/student
//寫了:后臺(tái)請(qǐng)求的路徑:/student
}),
createProxyMiddleware('/api2',{
target:"http://localhost:5001",
changeOrigin:true,
pathRewrite:{"^/api2":""}
}),
)}
App.jsx
import React, { Component } from 'react'
import Search from './components/Search'
import List from './components/List'
import './App.css'
export default class App extends Component {
state={users:[]}
getSearchResult=(result)=>{
this.setState({users:result})
}
render() {
return (
<div className="container">
<Search getSearchResult={this.getSearchResult}/>
<List users={this.state.users}/>
</div>
)
}
}
Search.jsx
import React, { Component } from 'react'
import axios from 'axios'
import './index.css'
export default class Search extends Component {
search = () => {
//獲取輸入框中的值
const { value } = this.keyWordElement;
//發(fā)送請(qǐng)求
axios.get(`/api1/search/users?q=${value}`).then(
result => {
this.props.getSearchResult(result.data.items)
},
reason => {
console.log(reason);
})
}
render() {
return (
<section className="jumbotron">
<h4 className="jumbotron-heading">搜索github用戶</h4>
<div>
<input ref={c => this.keyWordElement = c} type="text" placeholder="enter the name you search" /> <button onClick={this.search}>搜索</button>
</div>
</section>
)
}
}
List.jsx
import React, { Component } from 'react'
import './index.css'
export default class List extends Component {
render() {
return (
<div className="row">
{this.props.users.map(item=>{
return <div key={item.id} className="card">
<a href={item.html_url} target="_blank">
<img src={item.avatar_url} style={{ width: "100px" }} />
</a>
<p className="card-text">{item.login}</p>
</div>
})}
</div>
)
}
}
PubSubJs:
pub:(publish)發(fā)布
sub:(subscribe)訂閱
pubsub-js:就是用來實(shí)現(xiàn)發(fā)布訂閱的,可以把它看過vue中的eventBus,看作是函數(shù)的載體
訂閱方:創(chuàng)建一個(gè)函數(shù),并且將這個(gè)函數(shù)傳給pubsub做托管
var token=PubSub.subscribe("myTopic",myFunction[托管的函數(shù)])//token,是當(dāng)前訂閱函數(shù)的唯一id,可以用來取消訂閱
發(fā)布方:發(fā)布的意思就是通過調(diào)用訂閱方指定的函數(shù),實(shí)現(xiàn)傳參或執(zhí)行操作功能
PubSub.publish('myTopic','需要發(fā)送給訂閱者的內(nèi)容')
第一步:添加pubsub-js
yarn add pubsub-js
**第二步:**在組件中導(dǎo)入
import PubSub from 'pubsub-js'
**第三步:**調(diào)用PubSub訂閱函數(shù)(一般是在componentDidMount鉤子函數(shù)中訂閱)
componentDidMount(){
this.token=PubSub.subscribe("changeState",this.changeStateObj)
}
import React, { Component } from 'react'
import PubSub from 'pubsub-js'
import './index.css'
export default class List extends Component {
state={
users:[],//拿到的用戶信息
isFirst:true,//是否第一次訪問
isLoading:false,//是否正在加載
err:"",//返回的錯(cuò)誤信息
}
changeStateObj=(msg,value)=>{
this.setState(value)
}
componentDidMount(){
this.token=PubSub.subscribe("changeState",this.changeStateObj)
}
componentWillUnmount(){
PubSub.unsubscribe(this.token)
}
render() {
let {users,isFirst,isLoading,err}=this.state
return (
<div className="row">
{
isFirst?<h3>輸入搜索內(nèi)容搜索用戶</h3>:
isLoading?<h3>Loading...</h3>:
err?<h3>{err}</h3>:
users.map(item=>{
return <div key={item.id} className="card">
<a href={item.html_url} target="_blank">
<img src={item.avatar_url} style={{ width: "100px" }} />
</a>
<p className="card-text">{item.login}</p>
</div>
})}
</div>
)
}
}
import React, { Component } from 'react'
import axios from 'axios'
import './index.css'
import PubSub from 'pubsub-js'
export default class Search extends Component {
search = () => {
//獲取輸入框中的值
const { value } = this.keyWordElement;
PubSub.publish('changeState',{isFirst:false,isLoading:true})
//發(fā)送請(qǐng)求
axios.get(`/api1/search/users2?q=${value}`).then(
result => {
PubSub.publish('changeState',{isLoading:false,users:result.data.items})
},
reason => {
PubSub.publish('changeState',{isLoading:false,err:reason.message})
})
}
render() {
return (
<section className="jumbotron">
<h4 className="jumbotron-heading">搜索github用戶</h4>
<div>
<input ref={c => this.keyWordElement = c} type="text" placeholder="enter the name you search" /> <button onClick={this.search}>搜索</button>
</div>
</section>
)
}
}
import React, { Component } from 'react'
import Search from './components/Search'
import List from './components/List'
import './App.css'
export default class App extends Component {
render() {
return (
<div className="container">
<Search />
<List/>
</div>
)
}
}
xhr:xmlHttpRequest:傳統(tǒng)的ajax
jQuery:封裝了xhr
axios:封裝了xhr
**fetch(取來)?*window內(nèi)置的,不用借用第三方庫,直接使用
缺點(diǎn):目前不是很好用,沒有請(qǐng)求發(fā)送攔截器
缺點(diǎn):兼容性不高
優(yōu)點(diǎn):沒有用xhr,不用安裝第三方庫,原生
let getData=async()=>{
try{
let result=await fetch(url);
let data=await result.json();
}catch(error){
console.log('請(qǐng)求錯(cuò)誤',error)
}
}
到此,相信大家對(duì)“react后端請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù)如何實(shí)現(xiàn)”有了更深的了解,不妨來實(shí)際操作一番吧!這里是創(chuàng)新互聯(lián)網(wǎng)站,更多相關(guān)內(nèi)容可以進(jìn)入相關(guān)頻道進(jìn)行查詢,關(guān)注我們,繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)!
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