這里不會涉及一些mysql數據庫安裝之類的知識,但是會將自己學習以及使用mysql一些最常用的mysql語句總結到本篇文章,作為自己的學習記錄和筆記。基本的環境為CentOS 6.5 數據庫為mysql5.6.30。
創新互聯建站專注于企業成都營銷網站建設、網站重做改版、松山網站定制設計、自適應品牌網站建設、H5建站、成都商城網站開發、集團公司官網建設、外貿網站建設、高端網站制作、響應式網頁設計等建站業務,價格優惠性價比高,為松山等各大城市提供網站開發制作服務。1、啟動和停止Mysql服務
1、 /etc/init.d/mysql restar #重啟 2、 /etc/init.d/mysql stop #停止 3、 /etc/init.d/mysql start #啟動 4、 /etc/init.d/mysql reload #平滑重啟 5、 service mysql reload #平滑重啟 6、 service mysql stop #停止 7、 service mysql start #啟動2、加入開機自啟動
chkconfig mysql on #加入開機自啟動 chkconfig --list |grep mysql 檢查設置的開機自啟動3、連接數據庫
mysql -h -P -u root -p -e 參數: -h 要連接的主機 -P 數據庫的端口 默認是3306 沒更改的話可以不用寫 -u 要連接數據庫的用戶名 -p 密碼 可以直接無空格的加在-p參數后面,但是這種方法,在別人查看你的歷史命令時 ,會獲得你的密碼不×××全,一般是連接的時候,回車輸入密碼。 -e 你可以輸入mysql語句但是不會進入客戶端。4、查看基礎信息
select user(),version(),database(),now(); # 查看當前用戶、版本、 當前數據庫、當前時間等信息 mysql> select user(),version(),database(),now(); +----------------+-----------+------------+---------------------+ | user() | version() | database() | now() | +----------------+-----------+------------+---------------------+ | root@localhost | 5.6.30 | NULL | 2016-06-16 10:08:01 | +----------------+-----------+------------+---------------------+ 1 row in set (0.11 sec)5、為root設置密碼與設置密碼
mysql數據庫是默認給root沒有設置密碼的,本次實驗數據庫rpm包安裝的,有初始密碼,mariadb在初始化的時候提示我們輸入密碼。
cat /root/.mysql_secret # The random password set for the root user at Sun Jun 12 22:02:31 2016 (local time): nR7PKQyH5DU2zjKM 這一部分為初始密碼,mysqladmin -u root password '******' #設置密碼 更改密碼 select host,user,password from mysql.user ; +-----------------------+------------+-------------------------------------------+ | host | user | password | +-----------------------+------------+-------------------------------------------+ | localhost | root | *E56A114692FE0DE073F9A1DD68A00EEB9703F3F1 | | localhost.localdomain | root | *47F6BC7F709C7CCFCB1EAF451FFE6D89F1377D84 | | 127.0.0.1 | root | *47F6BC7F709C7CCFCB1EAF451FFE6D89F1377D84 | | ::1 | root | *23AE809DDACAF96AF0FD78ED04B6A265E05AA257 | | 192.168.1.% | tomcat | *6FDD34EE54803B8CC847CC5D7158702BCC21FCF6 | | % | winnerlook | *23AE809DDACAF96AF0FD78ED04B6A265E05AA257 | +-----------------------+------------+-------------------------------------------+ (1)mysqladmin -u用戶名 -p舊密碼 password "******" 例如: mysqladmin -u winner password "123" -p [root@localhost ~]# mysqladmin -u winner password "123" -p Enter password: Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. (2)登陸到數據庫后用set password命令 格式:SET password for user@host =password("");注意加密函數 例如: set password for root@'::1' =password("123"); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set password for tomcat@'192.168.1.%' =password("123123"); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) (3)登陸后用update直接操作user表 注意:這里要使用加密函數以及限制條件,不注意限制條件有可能會更改所有的用戶密碼。如下面的內容 直接更改所有的內容以及明文密碼。 update user set password=("123123"); Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.03 sec), Rows matched: 6 Changed: 6 Warnings: 0 mysql> select host,user,password from mysql.user ; +-----------------------+------------+----------+ | host | user | password | +-----------------------+------------+----------+ | localhost | root | 123123 | | localhost.localdomain | root | 123123 | | 127.0.0.1 | root | 123123 | | ::1 | root | 123123 | | 192.168.1.% | tomcat | 123123 | | % | winnerlook | 123123 | +-----------------------+------------+----------+ 正確更改的方式: update user set password=password("123123"); Query OK, 6 rows affected (0.02 sec) Rows matched: 6 Changed: 6 Warnings: 0 mysql> select host,user,password from mysql.user ; +-----------------------+------------+-------------------------------------------+ | host | user | password | +-----------------------+------------+-------------------------------------------+ | localhost | root | *E56A114692FE0DE073F9A1DD68A00EEB9703F3F1 | | localhost.localdomain | root | *E56A114692FE0DE073F9A1DD68A00EEB9703F3F1 | | 127.0.0.1 | root | *E56A114692FE0DE073F9A1DD68A00EEB9703F3F1 | | ::1 | root | *E56A114692FE0DE073F9A1DD68A00EEB9703F3F1 | | 192.168.1.% | tomcat | *E56A114692FE0DE073F9A1DD68A00EEB9703F3F1 | | % | winnerlook | *E56A114692FE0DE073F9A1DD68A00EEB9703F3F1 | +-----------------------+------------+-------------------------------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec) 使用where字句 添加限制條件 mysql> update user set password=password("123") where user='tomcat'; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 mysql> select host,user,password from mysql.user ; +-----------------------+------------+-------------------------------------------+ | host | user | password | +-----------------------+------------+-------------------------------------------+ | localhost | root | *E56A114692FE0DE073F9A1DD68A00EEB9703F3F1 | | localhost.localdomain | root | *E56A114692FE0DE073F9A1DD68A00EEB9703F3F1 | | 127.0.0.1 | root | *E56A114692FE0DE073F9A1DD68A00EEB9703F3F1 | | ::1 | root | *E56A114692FE0DE073F9A1DD68A00EEB9703F3F1 | | 192.168.1.% | tomcat | *23AE809DDACAF96AF0FD78ED04B6A265E05AA257 | | % | winnerlook | *E56A114692FE0DE073F9A1DD68A00EEB9703F3F1 | +-----------------------+------------+-------------------------------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)6、 刷新權限
mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.14 sec)7、mysql 客戶端技巧
echo "select * from tb_emp8;" |mysql -u root -p test_db >>test.txt [root@localhost ~]# echo "select * from tb_emp8;" |mysql -u root -p test_db >test.txt Enter password: [root@localhost ~]# cat test.txt id names deptId salary 1 Lucy NULL 1000 2 Lura NULL 1200 3 Kevin NULL 1500 4 Lucy NULL 1000 5 Lura NULL 1200 6 Kevin NULL 1500 7 Lucy NULL 1000 8 Lura NULL 1200 9 Kevin NULL 1500 10 Lucy NULL 1000 11 Lura NULL 1200 12 Kevin NULL 1500 13 Lucy NULL 1000 14 Lura NULL 1200 方法2 mysql -u root -p -e "select * from test_db.tb_emp8;">test2.txt Enter password: [root@localhost ~]# cat test2.txt id names deptId salary 1 Lucy NULL 1000 2 Lura NULL 1200 3 Kevin NULL 1500 4 Lucy NULL 1000 5 Lura NULL 1200執行sql文件的方法
(1)mysql -u root -p test_db < /root/test.sql (2)cat /root/test.sql |mysql -u root -p test_db (3)登錄數據庫后source 加載8、創建交互文件日志 可以用來評估和考量操作過程中出現哪些操作,可以用tee
mysql --tee=test.log -u root -p # 創建一個test.log日志文件 Logging to file 'test.log' Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 34 Server version: 5.6.30 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> \T test.log #開始記錄日志文件 Logging to file 'test.log' mysql> select user(),version(),now(); +----------------+-----------+---------------------+ | user() | version() | now() | +----------------+-----------+---------------------+ | root@localhost | 5.6.30 | 2016-10-07 17:14:25 | +----------------+-----------+---------------------+ 1 row in set (0.11 sec) mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | booksdb | | company | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sakila | | team | | test | | test_db | | winner | | world | +--------------------+ 11 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> \t #結束記錄 檢查日志文件: [root@localhost ~]# cat test.log Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 34 Server version: 5.6.30 MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> \T test.log mysql> select user(),version(),now(); +----------------+-----------+---------------------+ | user() | version() | now() | +----------------+-----------+---------------------+ | root@localhost | 5.6.30 | 2016-10-07 17:14:25 | +----------------+-----------+---------------------+ 1 row in set (0.11 sec) mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | booksdb | | company | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sakila | | team | | test | | test_db | | winner | | world | +--------------------+ 11 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> use world; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> show tables; +-----------------+ | Tables_in_world | +-----------------+ | city | | country | | countrylanguage | +-----------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> desc city; +-------------+----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------------+----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ | ID | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | | Name | char(35) | NO | | | | | CountryCode | char(3) | NO | | | | | District | char(20) | NO | | | | | Population | int(11) | NO | | 0 | | +-------------+----------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 5 rows in set (0.51 sec) mysql> select count(*) from city; +----------+ | count(*) | +----------+ | 4079 | +----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)另外有需要云服務器可以了解下創新互聯cdcxhl.cn,海內外云服務器15元起步,三天無理由+7*72小時售后在線,公司持有idc許可證,提供“云服務器、裸金屬服務器、高防服務器、香港服務器、美國服務器、虛擬主機、免備案服務器”等云主機租用服務以及企業上云的綜合解決方案,具有“安全穩定、簡單易用、服務可用性高、性價比高”等特點與優勢,專為企業上云打造定制,能夠滿足用戶豐富、多元化的應用場景需求。
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