本篇文章給大家分享的是有關怎樣用原生的urllib2+httplib請求Https，小編覺得挺實用的，因此分享給大家學習，希望大家閱讀完這篇文章后可以有所收獲，話不多說，跟著小編一起來看看吧。

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環境

python2.7.5

# https server 生成證書

/tupian/20230522/8418111.html       # https server使用的key

ca_certs # https server使用的ca

cert        # 在 瀏覽器下載的證書, windows下載后linux可以使用

### https.py

import urllib2, httplib, ssl, socket

DEFAULT_HTTP_TIMEOUT = 10 #seconds

# http://code.activestate.com/recipes/577548-https-httplib-client-connection-with-certificate-v/

# /tupian/20230522/using-client-certificates-with-urllib2 HTTPSClientAuthHandler(urllib2.HTTPSHandler):

    '''

    Allows sending a client certificate with the HTTPS connection.

    This version also validates the peer (server) certificate since, well...

    WTF IS THE POINT OF SSL IF YOU DON"T AUTHENTICATE THE PERSON YOU"RE TALKING TO!??!

    '''

    def __init__(self, key=None, cert=None, ca_certs=None, ssl_version=None, ciphers=None):

        urllib2.HTTPSHandler.__init__(self)

        self.key = key

        self.cert = cert

        self.ca_certs = ca_certs

        self.ssl_version = ssl_version

        self.ciphers = ciphers

    def https_open(self, req):

        # Rather than pass in a reference to a connection class, we pass in

        # a reference to a function which, for all intents and purposes,

        # will behave as a constructor

        return self.do_open(self.get_connection, req)

    def get_connection(self, host, timeout=DEFAULT_HTTP_TIMEOUT):

        return HTTPSConnection( host, 

                key_file = self.key, 

                cert_file = self.cert,

                timeout = timeout,

                ciphers = self.ciphers,

                ca_certs = self.ca_certs )

class HTTPSConnection(httplib.HTTPSConnection):

    '''

    Overridden to allow peer certificate validation, configuration

    of SSL/ TLS version and cipher selection.  See:

    /tupian/20230522/httplib.py   and `ssl.wrap_socket()`

    '''

    def __init__(self, host, **kwargs):

        self.ciphers = kwargs.pop('ciphers',None)

        self.ca_certs = kwargs.pop('ca_certs',None)

        self.ssl_version = kwargs.pop('ssl_version', ssl.PROTOCOL_SSLv23)

        httplib.HTTPSConnection.__init__(self,host,**kwargs)

    def connect(self):

        sock = socket.create_connection( (self.host, self.port), self.timeout )

        if self._tunnel_host:

            self.sock = sock

            self._tunnel()

        self.sock = ssl.wrap_socket( sock, 

                keyfile = self.key_file, 

                certfile = self.cert_file,

                ca_certs = self.ca_certs,

                cert_reqs = ssl.CERT_REQUIRED if self.ca_certs else ssl.CERT_NONE )

### test.py

import urllib2

import urllib

import https

import ssl

import json

client_cert_key = "etcd-client-key.pem" # file path

client_cert_pem = "etcd-client.pem"     # file path 

ca_certs = "etcd-ca.pem"                # file path

handlers = []

handlers.append( https.HTTPSClientAuthHandler( 

    key = client_cert_key,

    cert = client_cert_pem,

    ca_certs = ca_certs,

    ssl_version = ssl.PROTOCOL_SSLv23,

    ciphers = 'TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA' ) )

http = urllib2.build_opener(*handlers)

# request https

# GET

resp = http.open('https://xxxx:2379/v2/members')

data = resp.read()

# POST

req = urllib2.Request(url)  

data = urllib.urlencode(data)

resp = http.open(req, data)

# PUT

request = urllib2.Request(url, data=json_data)

request.add_header('Content-Type', 'application/json')

request.get_method = lambda: 'PUT'

resp = http.open(request)

# DELETE

request = urllib2.Request(url, data=data)

request.get_method = lambda: 'DELETE'

resp = http.open(request)

resp.close()

以上就是怎樣用原生的urllib2+httplib請求Https，小編相信有部分知識點可能是我們日常工作會見到或用到的。希望你能通過這篇文章學到更多知識。更多詳情敬請關注創新互聯-成都網站建設公司行業資訊頻道。

新聞名稱：怎樣用原生的urllib2+httplib請求Https-創新互聯
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